Factors affecting changes in lower extremity function and psychology of patient before and after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction: a literature review

Abstract, Introduction, Research Methods, Results, Discussion, Conclusions, Bibliography

Abstract

Background: The Anterior Cruciate Ligament (ACL) is a type of ligament situated within the human knee joint, connecting the femur to the tibia. It plays a crucial role in maintaining joint stability and controlling the anterior movement of the tibia relative to the femur. ACL reconstruction is a surgical procedure to connect the ACL ligament to restore stability to knee function.   In performing reconstruction, factors will affect the reconstruction results, one of which is the provision of rehabilitation, which will affect the patient's knee injury and osteoarthritis outcome score (KOOS). Another factor, kinesiophobia, can affect psychologically, so patients tend to feel afraid to move.

Objective: To determine whether factors affect lower extremity function and psychology before and after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACLR) surgery.

Methods: The study used a literature review design where the  secondary data from published literature was reviewed and reported as the study topic. Literature searches were conducted online from PubMed and Google Scholar, using the keywords "ACL," "lower extremity function," "psychological," and "kinesiophobia" by combining the Boolean Operators "OR" and "AND."

Results: Based on the results of the journal review, it was found that there are factors that affect lower extremity function and psychology before and after reconstruction. Providing rehabilitation before and after ACLR and a low level of kinesiophobia can affect better reconstruction results.

Conclusion: Based on the review results, it might be concluded that several factors influence changes in lower extremity function and psychology. Factors such as the provision of pre and postoperative rehabilitation can affect the patient's lower extremity function. At the same time, factors such as kinesiophobia can affect the patient's psychology so that it has an impact on the ability to carry out daily activities.